Data breaches have become a prominent issue in recent times, affecting individuals, businesses of all sizes, and even governments. Every time we input our personal information online, we take a risk of it being compromised. In this article, we will delve into what a data breach is, examples of breaches from large corporations, and tips to protect oneself from the potential risks of a data breach.
So, what is a data breach? A data breach occurs when sensitive and confidential information is accessed without authorization. This can happen when someone gains access to it accidentally or intentionally. Information that is often targeted includes credit card information, social security numbers, medical records, and anything that can be used to commit financial fraud. There are various ways data breaches happen, from cyberattacks to insider threats.
As cyber attackers become more sophisticated, a data breach can happen in various ways. The most common way is through phishing emails, whereby attackers pose as legitimate institutions and convince users to share their sensitive information. A phishing email may direct the recipient to click a dangerous link that can infect the system with malware or allow hackers to steal information.
Cyber attackers can also use malware, which can be downloaded on a user's computer when they visit illegal or unsecured websites, like those streaming movies or television shows. Malware can give hackers access to stored information on the user's computer or device. In some instances, hackers can also exploit vulnerabilities in software and gain access to an organization's systems, where they can extract valuable information. In many cases, hackers will use a combination of tactics to take down an organization's security.
Several big-name corporations have experienced significant data breaches. For instance, Equifax, one of the major credit reporting companies globally, suffered a data breach that exposed the personal and financial data of 143 million Americans in 2017. Hackers gained access to the company's servers through a software vulnerability, enabling them to lift consumer data that included social security numbers, names, birth dates, and addresses, among other sensitive details. The breach cost Equifax more than $1.4 billion in lawsuits and fines.
Another example is Target, which experienced a significant data breach in 2013 when attackers stole information from credit and debit cards used in its US stores. The breach affected 40 million credit and debit cards of Target's customers and 70 million records of personal data, including phone numbers and email addresses. Target suffered a significant hit to its reputation and paid $10 million in a class-action lawsuit.
To protect oneself from data breaches, there are some essential steps to take. Organizations should promptly patch their systems and software to avoid exploiting any known security vulnerabilities. Business owners should continually update their security measures, including their firewall, antivirus software, and intrusion detection systems.
Individuals can protect themselves by creating strong passwords, verifying the security of websites they input their personal information, installing reliable antivirus software, and being wary of emails or websites that ask for personal information. Using two-factor authentication procedures for online logins can also add an extra layer of security, as it requires another step to verify user identity, making it more challenging to hack an account.
While data breaches can feel inevitable, it is not impossible to prevent them from happening. In fact, if one is proactive in their approach and follow procedures to safeguard oneself from risks, the potential of a data breach happening can be reduced.
In conclusion, a data breach is a significant threat to businesses and individuals, as it can expose sensitive information to cyber attackers, leading to financial loss and reputational damages. While preventing a data breach from happening may feel impossible, it is necessary to take proactive steps towards protecting oneself from such risks. By developing strong passwords, being aware of phishing emails or malware, and consistently updating security measures, one can increase their chances of avoiding a data breach.
